Coronavirus-2
• A coronavirus is surrounded by a fatty outer layer('envelope') and on the surface of this layer is the Corona(crown) of spikes made of protein.
• The entry of virus takes place by means of a ‘lock and key’ affect.
• On the surface of human cells there is a enzyme called ACE2. The spike acts as the key to unlock this protein on the human cell.ACE-2 acts as the receptor that enables SARS-CoV-2 to launch its attack.
• The virus Spike protein binds to the receptor, then fuses with the cell surface, and releases its genetic material(RNA in this case) into the cell.
• Once inside the cell, the virus uses a second protein, called TMPRSS2, to complete its entry. TMPRSS2 has protein splitting abilities, which allows the virus to reproduce and transmit itself inside the cell.
• At the replications stage, the key viral protein at play is an enzyme called our RdRp. It is RdRp that makes the copies, by processing components of the RNA of the virus. Such an enzyme is called Polymerase or a Replicase(An enzyme is a protein that speeds up chemical reaction within a cell.)
• The new study has identified the specific cells where the mechanism of entry most likely comes into play when the virus begins hit attacks. These are goblet cells and ciliated cells in the nose.
• Goblet cells are mucus producing cells on the surface of organs, and are found along the respiratory tract, along the intestinal tract, in the upper respiratory tract etc.
• Ciliated cells are hair like cells and helps sweep mucus, dust etc. to the throat.
• It has been found that mucus producing goblet cells and ciliated cells in the nose had the highest level of a ACE2 and TMPRSS2 proteins.
• The study also found that a ACE2 production in the nose cells is probably switched on at the same time as various immune genes that would be activated when the cells are fighting in the infection.
• A coronavirus is surrounded by a fatty outer layer('envelope') and on the surface of this layer is the Corona(crown) of spikes made of protein.
• The entry of virus takes place by means of a ‘lock and key’ affect.
• On the surface of human cells there is a enzyme called ACE2. The spike acts as the key to unlock this protein on the human cell.ACE-2 acts as the receptor that enables SARS-CoV-2 to launch its attack.
• The virus Spike protein binds to the receptor, then fuses with the cell surface, and releases its genetic material(RNA in this case) into the cell.
• Once inside the cell, the virus uses a second protein, called TMPRSS2, to complete its entry. TMPRSS2 has protein splitting abilities, which allows the virus to reproduce and transmit itself inside the cell.
• At the replications stage, the key viral protein at play is an enzyme called our RdRp. It is RdRp that makes the copies, by processing components of the RNA of the virus. Such an enzyme is called Polymerase or a Replicase(An enzyme is a protein that speeds up chemical reaction within a cell.)
• The new study has identified the specific cells where the mechanism of entry most likely comes into play when the virus begins hit attacks. These are goblet cells and ciliated cells in the nose.
• Goblet cells are mucus producing cells on the surface of organs, and are found along the respiratory tract, along the intestinal tract, in the upper respiratory tract etc.
• Ciliated cells are hair like cells and helps sweep mucus, dust etc. to the throat.
• It has been found that mucus producing goblet cells and ciliated cells in the nose had the highest level of a ACE2 and TMPRSS2 proteins.
• The study also found that a ACE2 production in the nose cells is probably switched on at the same time as various immune genes that would be activated when the cells are fighting in the infection.
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